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Legal Advice

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Jane Smith
Posted : Saturday, 22 Oct 2011 14:27        Question
Jane01
Joined : 30 Jul 2011
Posts : 2
Location : Pretoria, Gauteng
Hi, does anyone know who to contact for good legal advice regarding Sectional Title disputes? Thanks  
Craig Coetzee
Replied : Wednesday, 26 Oct 2011 07:45        Comment
Craig88
Joined : 25 Jul 2011
Posts : 46
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
Hi. Cape Town: Martin Bey (CK Friedlander - 021 441 8700); Tertius Maree (021 886 9504) Gauteng: Alan Levy (Alan Levy Attorneys - 011 786 2192) Durban: Siveshna Padayachee (Lomas-Walker - 031 266 7330) All of them work in sectional title. If they cannot assist, they will be able to pass you on to the right person/company.
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Malcolm Cobb
Posted : Tuesday, 25 Oct 2011 18:38        Question
Malcolm143
Joined : 25 Oct 2011
Posts : 5
Location : Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal
There are 8 trustees including the chairperson. Trustee meeting called but chairperson invites only 3 “trustee friends” . At this meeting a contact was awarded to the value of R80,000. What recourse do the trustees who were not invited to the meeting have?  
Craig Coetzee
Replied : Wednesday, 26 Oct 2011 07:56        Answer
Craig88
Joined : 25 Jul 2011
Posts : 46
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
Hi. There are a few questions that i would need to ask. First Question: What contract was it? Was it for urgent repairs and maintenance or was it for a non-luxurious or luxurious improvement. If it was for repairs and maintenance, he would have had to get at least a few quotes, you would have to call a trustees meeting by giving 7 days notice. If it is urgent, the period can be shorten by agreement of the trustees. If there are a total of 8 trustees (which includes the chairperson), the debate is if the correct notice was given? As the contractor has been appointed by the trustees, the contractor has recourse against the body corporate if you cancel the contract. If there is a cost to be paid, the trustees involved can be held personally liable. You will have to contact an attorney to take this matter further and/or resolve it asap. See previous post for contact details of attorneys.
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Craig Coetzee
Replied : Wednesday, 26 Oct 2011 07:59        Comment
Craig88
Joined : 25 Jul 2011
Posts : 46
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
Hi. If it was non-luxurious or luxurious improvement, the owners will have to be involved in the decision making process as well. A special resolution or a unanimous resolution will have to be obtained.
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Tertius Maree
Replied : Wednesday, 09 Nov 2011 10:33        Answer
Tertius700
Joined : 22 Sep 2011
Posts : 6
Location : Stellenbosch, Western Cape
No trustees meeting may be held unless all trustees present in the RSA are notified. Tertius
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Klaus Dyrbye
Posted : Wednesday, 26 Oct 2011 14:04        Question
Klaus569
Joined : 26 Oct 2011
Posts : 3
Location : Centurion, Gauteng
Our conduct rules do nor allow pets within the complex. This rule is also displayed on a large sign at the entrance. Now a tenant moved in with two cats and refuses to find another place for them. Apart from giving the tenant notice in writing what can we do about it and what are the legal implications?  
Craig Coetzee
Replied : Thursday, 27 Oct 2011 08:28        Comment
Craig88
Joined : 25 Jul 2011
Posts : 46
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
Hi. Are these rules registered at the Deeds Office? Does is state that you can issue fines/penalties? Your legal action is against the owner and not the tenant. If your rules do not allow fines, you might need to get an attorney involved and i would possibly suggest thatyou have the rules amended.
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Klaus Dyrbye
Posted : Thursday, 27 Oct 2011 09:56        Comment
Klaus569
Joined : 26 Oct 2011
Posts : 3
Location : Centurion, Gauteng
Hi. Thanks for your answer. Yes, these rules are registered at the Deeds Office but do not state that we can issue fines/penalties. Will send letter to the owner and see what happens.  
Craig Coetzee
Replied : Friday, 28 Oct 2011 07:49        Comment
Craig88
Joined : 25 Jul 2011
Posts : 46
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
I would encourage you to look at amending your conduct rules as soon as possible to be able to implement fines. Owners only deal with transgressions when they feel it financially. Good Luck.
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Malcolm Cobb
Posted : Friday, 28 Oct 2011 00:03        Comment
Malcolm143
Joined : 25 Oct 2011
Posts : 5
Location : Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal
Thank you for your answer. The first concern was that half of the trustees are effectively excluded from the meeting because they are not invited. It would seem there is something to hide here. The second concern is were the other trustees excluded because of the selection process of appointing a contractor. Only 4 trustees know what is going on here.  
Craig Coetzee
Replied : Friday, 28 Oct 2011 07:53        Comment
Craig88
Joined : 25 Jul 2011
Posts : 46
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
I would definitely contact an attorney and deal with this as soon as possible. You need to address this before the contractor starts working. Delay the work from starting so that you can call an "official" trustees meeting. Create an agenda, circulate it to all the trustees and put the point of meetings on the agenda. If you allow the work to proceed and the contractor does not perform, ALL trustees can be held liable for the decision making process. What work does the contractor need to do?
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Malcolm Cobb
Posted : Monday, 31 Oct 2011 22:14        Question
Malcolm143
Joined : 25 Oct 2011
Posts : 5
Location : Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal
Can an owner nominate themself as a trustee?  
Craig Coetzee
Replied : Tuesday, 01 Nov 2011 07:58        Answer
Craig88
Joined : 25 Jul 2011
Posts : 46
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
Yes. An owner can nominate whoever he/she wants to be a trustee.
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Teresa Williams
Posted : Tuesday, 08 Nov 2011 02:56        Question
Teresa898
Joined : 08 Nov 2011
Posts : 3
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
I see that sectional titles schemes are apparently required to lodge manuals in terms of the Promotion of Access to Information Act, by the end of this year. Is this true, and if so, can anyone help with a basic "template" for this? Anyone needing information from our body corporate can just pick up the phone and ask, and we'll do our best to help, so this seems like a bit of a waste of the trustees' time. Any help would be appreciated.  
Craig Coetzee
Replied : Tuesday, 08 Nov 2011 09:48        Comment
Craig88
Joined : 25 Jul 2011
Posts : 46
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
Hi. There is not a standard template. Andre drafted a template for bodies corporate. You can e-mail andre@watchprop.co.za. He has a template but he will charge a small fee for it (I think it is R450). But he will be able to assist you in any question you might have regarding this.
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Sonja Pretorius
Posted : Monday, 14 Nov 2011 10:31        Question
Sonja474
Joined : 14 Nov 2011
Posts : 3
Location : Pretoria, Gauteng
A new owner would like to change his garden gate which is appoximately 1 meter high to a full height solid gate which will not fit into the interior of the rest of the sectional title complex. He also have two man holes on his property which the plumbers need to visit from time to time when we have a blockage. With a full height gate the contactors will not be able to get in. Reason for the change of the gate to his garden is for personal protection and privacy. Trustee do not feel comfortable with change.  
Craig Coetzee
Replied : Monday, 14 Nov 2011 14:13        Comment
Craig88
Joined : 25 Jul 2011
Posts : 46
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
Hi. Is the garden common property, exclusive use area or part of the section (I doubt that it is part of the section)? Most times the garden is common property. Please confirm. If all gates are half gates; then for the owner to have a full size gate will require the owners permission (not the trustees). A special resolution or a unanimous resolution will be required. The owner can't refuse access if you need to access the waste water or sewerage lines.
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Sonja Pretorius
Posted : Monday, 14 Nov 2011 15:52        Answer
Sonja474
Joined : 14 Nov 2011
Posts : 3
Location : Pretoria, Gauteng
Craig - The garden is common property. Would you suggest that the Trustee request that all the owners vote regarding the garden gate height and overall look  
Monique Theron
Posted : Thursday, 17 Nov 2011 22:13        Question
Monique256
Joined : 17 Nov 2011
Posts : 2
Location : Pretoria, Gauteng
What is the exact procedure to remove a member of the trustees from the trustees? We notified the body corporate that we are motioning for a vote of no confidence in a particular trustee and we called a special general meeting. Are there any particular procedures one should follow in this regard? On what grounds can a trustee be voted off and is it the case that should the vote of no confidence not pass that the trustees who put in the motion should then resign? Any advice will be greatly appreciated!  
Jenni Elliott
Replied : Wednesday, 07 Dec 2011 15:48        Answer
Jenni481
Joined : 07 Dec 2011
Posts : 8
Location : Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape
Hi Monique, Refer to Prescribed Management Rule 13 ((e) specifically) which I have inserted below Disqualification: A trustee shall cease to hold office as such- (a) if by notice in writing to the body corporate he resigns his office; (b) if he is or becomes of unsound mind; (c) if he surrenders his estate as insolvent, or his estate is sequestrated; (d) if he is convicted of an offence which involves dishonesty; (e) if by resolution of a general meeting of the body corporate, he is removed from his office, provided that the intention to vote upon the removal from office has been specified in the notice convening the meeting; (f) if he ir or becomes disqualified in terms of section 218 or 219 of the Companies Act, 1973, from beng appointed or acting as a director of a company. Hope this helps.
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Dieter Spindelböck
Replied : Monday, 09 Jan 2012 07:43        Comment
Dieter996
Joined : 11 Dec 2011
Posts : 7
Location : Pretoria, Gauteng
Hi Monique, I would lobby for enough votes of support before the meeting. This would also alleviate the question of whether the trustees who put in the motion should resign.
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Marilyn Skene
Posted : Monday, 28 Nov 2011 12:49        Question
Marilyn071
Joined : 28 Nov 2011
Posts : 2
Location : Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal
Hairline cracks appeared in a sectional title unit, it was reported but ignored. The cracks got bigger and the ceiling collapsed. Who is responsible for the repairs of a collapsed ceiling within a unit.  
Jenni Elliott
Replied : Wednesday, 07 Dec 2011 15:50        Comment
Jenni481
Joined : 07 Dec 2011
Posts : 8
Location : Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape
Hi Marilyn, Are the cracks on the inside of the unit, or did they start on the outside of the unit?
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Dieter Spindelböck
Posted : Monday, 12 Dec 2011 09:22        Question
Dieter996
Joined : 11 Dec 2011
Posts : 7
Location : Pretoria, Gauteng
Hi, we are seven units in our complex and one of the owners wants to build an extension to his unit. Does he need approval of all owners or only the approval of his immediate neighbours and the trustees?  
Andre Augustyn
Replied : Monday, 12 Dec 2011 16:09        Comment
Andre596
Joined : 12 Dec 2011
Posts : 15
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
It is possible to extend the floor area or boundaries of your section provided you comply with the formalities set out in the Sectional Titles Act of 1986. 1. As the proposed extension could affect other owners in the scheme, one has to arrange with the trustees of the scheme to call a special general meeting of owners to consider and approve the proposed extension by passing a special resolution at such a meeting. Thirty days notice is required for such a meeting. 2. The resolution would have to be passed by at least three quarters (3/4) of the owners present in person or by proxy at the meeting provided that half the owners were represented if the scheme had up to nine owners, 35% of the owners were represented if the scheme had ten to forty nine owners and 20% of the owners were represented if the scheme had 50 or more owners. 3. Instead of holding a formal meeting, it is possible to obtain a special resolution by having three quarters of the owners sign a “round robin” resolution. 4. After the special resolution has been passed you should have building plans prepared and passed by the local authority. Once the structural building work has been completed, you should instruct a land surveyor to prepare a plan of extension of the section. 5. When the plan of extension has been approved by the Surveyor General, you should instruct your conveyancer to register the extension at the Deeds Office. If the extension extends over a registered exclusive use area, the exclusive use area will have to be cancelled before the extension can be registered. If the extension extends over the common property of the scheme, a transfer duty clearance will have to be obtained from SA Revenue Service as the extension would be regarded as the acquisition of a larger share of the common property that had formerly belonged to all the owners in the scheme. 6. If the section is bonded, the bond and the bondholder’s consent would have to be lodged with the application to extend, so that the title deed of the section and any bonds registered over the section can be endorsed to record the increase in the floor area of the section. 7. As the floor area of a section governs the calculation of the participation quotas by which levies in the scheme are apportioned among the owners, the land surveyor preparing the plan of extension has to prepare an amended participation quota schedule which would be substituted for the existing participation quota schedule in the main file of the scheme at the deeds office when the plan of extension is registered. 8.If the extension results in a change of more than 10% to the participation quota of any section in the scheme, the conveyancer must obtain the consent of all the bondholders over every unit in the scheme to the extension. This can be an arduous task in a large scheme. If a number of sections are extended at the same time, the plan of extension can cover all the sections being extended, but the 10% threshold requiring the consents of all bondholders would be reached more easily. One can thus extend the floor area or boundaries of a section in a sectional title scheme provided the necessary formalities are complied with and the sectional plan is amended accordingly to record such change. It is advisable for the trustees of Sectional Title Schemes to insist that owners follow the correct procedures and formalities so that the sectional plans that are registered in the Deeds Office reflect the actual physical boundaries of the improvements on the ground.
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Dieter Spindelböck
Posted : Wednesday, 14 Dec 2011 14:28        Comment
Dieter996
Joined : 11 Dec 2011
Posts : 7
Location : Pretoria, Gauteng
Thank you Andre for this very comprehensive and detailed answer  
Dieter Spindelböck
Posted : Monday, 09 Jan 2012 07:30        Question
Dieter996
Joined : 11 Dec 2011
Posts : 7
Location : Pretoria, Gauteng
Hi, Wendy house One of our owners allowed his tenant to put up a Wendy house in his court yard - for two servants to live in. When it was pointed out to him that this was illegal, as a Wendy house may not be used for human habitation, he indicated that he would ask permission to extend his unit and would submit plans to the Body Corporate accordingly. That as 10 months ago. Whilst the habitation of a Wendy house is illegal, may we ask an additional levy according to the increased square metres used? Or would the B/C, - by accepting a levy - be guilty of an offence too? Caravan Again, the very same owner allowed the tenant to park a caravan in the corner of the drive way (without the B/C's approval). May the B/C charge a nominal fee for the parked caravan? Kind regards Dieter  
Craig Coetzee
Replied : Monday, 09 Jan 2012 10:26        Comment
Craig88
Joined : 25 Jul 2011
Posts : 46
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
Hi. Do you have a managing agent to assist you with this? They should be able to help with the correct advice. The owner is not complying with the rules. I would get the building inspector out to investigate the Wendy House and they will penalise the owner to a point that he has to remove the Wendy House. Your conduct rules should state that he cannot park a caravan there. You could possibly come to an arrangement where he rents a parking bay from the body corporate, but in most cases, there is always a shortage of parking bays. The owner of the caravan needs to store the caravan offsite. He is obviously trying to save money. The concern i have is that people will start living in the caravan and then it puts more pressure on the services and other owners are then subsidising this units levies. I would suggest you involve an attorney in this matter. Or your managing agent.
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morne erasmus
Posted : Wednesday, 11 Jan 2012 13:29        Question
morne183
Joined : 11 Jan 2012
Posts : 7
Location : johannesburg, Gauteng
I just bought into a sectional title, as I have learned some years ago the body corporate decided that the owners can get +-74sqm of common property to each addinitional unit which some of the owners did take up and got it registered by means of a Notorial Bonds, plans drawn up etc. My neighbour next door did not register her portion this is now 8 years later. In front of her portion is a fairly large peace of common property which she is also claiming to be hers. The letter each owner received that time clearly indicated the size of which they are entitled to and states that it must be registered. The peace of common property that she now also claims does not form part of the orginal agreed portion. The Body corporate now insited that she register her allocated portion but she is now saying that it does not need to be registered as you can acuire EUA on 3 ways. This an attorney told her. She also claims that original approval for allocate the common propert was not done correctly as the bond holders did not give approval, whom is these bond holders? Would that be the bond holders whom holds bonds over the common property? As far as what I understand from the sectiona title act section is that EUA's must be registered at the deeds office. I think that this lady does not want to register her allocated portion as she will then truely see that the common property that she is also trying to claim does in fact not belong to her. As far as the Body corporate is concerned is that the peace she is claiming is in fact common property. The trouble comes in that she chases people away when they go onto the property that she is claiming. She also built stairs from her balcony to the ground and states that she has got permission from the body corporate for that, this is also built over common property, does she have to have municipality approved plans for this? The Body corporate has now insisted that it be registered so that she can see that she is only entitled to a certain amount and not the entire part which she is claiming Please advise what we can do as owners whom has there portions registered and she does not want to.  
Andre Augustyn
Replied : Saturday, 28 Jan 2012 16:00        Answer
Andre596
Joined : 12 Dec 2011
Posts : 15
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
Morne - I commented on this post before, but the comments seems to not have been captured. I dont have suffiecient information, but it seems that with the exception of your neighbour, the other parties obtained exclusive use in terms of section 27 of the Sectional Titles Act, by ways of inclusion in the sectional plan. These are considered real rights and in short can be bought and sold among and between unit owners, can be bonded. Improvements authorised by the trustees, and may not unreasonably be refused Holder repairs and maintains and must contribute to the levy fund to defray costs of rates, taxes, insurance and maintenance under s37(1)(b). Expensive as to create and to register in the names of the owners as Land surveyor and attorney is required. Your neigbour is referring to EUA under CURRENT RULE, created under rules in terms of section 27(A) of the 1986 Sectional Titles Act. These are not recognised as Real Rights and may not be bought and sold. Exchanges require an amendment to the rules and they can not be bonded. Unless allowed in the Rule, improvements require Body Corporate consent Body Corporate repairs and maintains. Unless specifically stated in the rule creating the use the holder is not obliged to contribute to the levy fund. Relatively inexpensive and easy to create. NO land surveyor needed and attorney expenses limited to drafting the rule. Last mentioned EUA still needs to be approved per special general meeting. I would recommend obtaining legal advice from sectional title attorney and correspondence be directed pointing out that she has no legal tennure over the common property presently claimed and that any building thereon needs to be removed or will be removed by BC with cost fir her account. Either she would need to register her EUA per section 27 or will have no right to sell the area and or utilise same.
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Salomon Alphandary
Posted : Sunday, 15 Jan 2012 17:11        Question
Salomon541
Joined : 15 Jan 2012
Posts : 2
Location : Johannesburg, Gauteng
Our complex consist of 11 units.After the AGM 2011 a notification was sent to all the unit owners in order to vote for the election of new office bearers.With the exception of two members all the others boycotted the meeting. 1)Would the two members present have the right to constitute a quorum and take the responsibility of running the complex. 2)If not would they have the right to appoint an outside managing agent.(the two members in question have been manageing the complex before with the assistace of some ellected trustees)  
Andre Augustyn
Replied : Monday, 16 Jan 2012 12:35        Answer
Andre596
Joined : 12 Dec 2011
Posts : 15
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
From the details provided it is unclear as to whether a general meeting of owners were called to elect office bearers (trustees). It is also not mentioned whether an agenda was distributed prior to the meeting with 14 days notice indicate the reason for meeting and whether minutes were distributed thereafter. The election of trustees are done annually at the AGM and new trustees should therefore have been alected at the 2011 AGM. Should the elected trustees not be functioning as a result of non functioning trustees, the only basis on which re-election of trustees can be enforced is on basis of a special general meeting (other than AGM). In this scheme of 11 units, the quorum requirement would be 35%, being 4 owners in person or by proxy. From information provided it is not clear if proxies were obtained. In any avent, the legally elected trustees have the power to appoint a managing agent. In my view, should the procedural / legal nature of process be in dispute, an owner/s can call on prescribed management rule 53. In terms of aforesaid, "the trustees may whenever they think fit and shall upon a request in writing made either by owners entitled to 25 per cent of the total of the quotas of all sections or by any mortgagee holding mortgage bonds over not less than 25 per cent in number of the units, convene a special general meeting. If the trustees fail to call a meeting so requested within fourteen days of the request, the owners or mortgagee concerned shall be entitled themselves to call the meeting". My recommendation would be to obtain the required approval from members / owners (3 would be required) and to request trustees to call special general meeting with a view to re-elect trustees. Should they not concur, the owner applying can do the neccessary with 14 days notice to owners. It would be essential in this instance not to boicot meeting, but to be present to ensure that the proceedings are legitimate.
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morne erasmus
Posted : Tuesday, 17 Jan 2012 06:55        Question
morne183
Joined : 11 Jan 2012
Posts : 7
Location : johannesburg, Gauteng
What can you do if the Trustees is acting outside the sectional title act. What action can you take?  
Andre Augustyn
Replied : Tuesday, 17 Jan 2012 08:21        Answer
Andre596
Joined : 12 Dec 2011
Posts : 15
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
In my view, the first option would be to request attendance at the next trustee meeting as owner (no vote, but may speak - refer PMR 15.5) and to voice concerns, which should also be tendered in writing. Minutes of said meeting should record the concerns for future reference. Should the situation still continue, an owner/s can call on prescribed management rule 53. In terms of aforesaid, "the trustees may whenever they think fit and shall upon a request in writing made either by owners entitled to 25 per cent of the total of the quotas of all sections or by any mortgagee holding mortgage bonds over not less than 25 per cent in number of the units, convene a special general meeting. If the trustees fail to call a meeting so requested within fourteen days of the request, the owners or mortgagee concerned shall be entitled themselves to call the meeting". My recommendation would be to obtain the required approval from members / owners (25% as per above) and to request trustees to call special general meeting with a view to re-elect trustees. Should they not concur, the owner applying can call the required meeting with notice to owners. I would also reccommend that reason for the meeting be disclosed in agenda to ensure maximum owners representation. Should the trustees action be having a serious financial impact on the scheme and if they are unwilling or unable to properly manage and administer the scheme in accordance with the Act and the scheme's rules, application can be made for an administrator to be appointed in terms of section 46. This is however rarely the best option to follow, unless no other avenues are available.
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Dieter Spindelböck
Posted : Saturday, 21 Jan 2012 14:02        Question
Dieter996
Joined : 11 Dec 2011
Posts : 7
Location : Pretoria, Gauteng
Hi, previous emails refer. The extension to create a living room and sanitation facilities for 2 servants on top of the garage was rejected by the B/C. At a recent trustee meeting he stated as a matter of fact that he is going to sacrifice halve his garage by putting in a ceiling and a dry-wall for the 2 servants to live in. Does this contravene section 68.(1)(i) of the management rules or can he do with his garage as he pleases? Regards Dieter  
Andre Augustyn
Replied : Saturday, 28 Jan 2012 16:06        Answer
Andre596
Joined : 12 Dec 2011
Posts : 15
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
Correct - contravenes PMR 68.1. Further to this, the area is not intended for habitable / residential use and would contradict municipal regulations. Address in terms of scheme rules with warning / penalty system or take legal route.
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Dieter Spindelböck
Posted : Saturday, 21 Jan 2012 14:09        Question
Dieter996
Joined : 11 Dec 2011
Posts : 7
Location : Pretoria, Gauteng
Hi, in one of the 3 bedroom units live the son of the owner and 3 other individuals, i.e. the son sleeps in the main bed room, two live in the other 2 bedrooms and the third sleeps in a living room converted into a bedroom. The two bed rooms plus the converted living room are rented out. Apart from the loud music and even louder talking, are there any statutory or general rules regarding a commune? Kind regards. Dieter  
Andre Augustyn
Replied : Saturday, 28 Jan 2012 16:11        Answer
Andre596
Joined : 12 Dec 2011
Posts : 15
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
Good conduct rules should provided for situations such as this (i.e. over crowding). It should have a directive of maximum allowed individuals per bedroom. The municipal regulations is determined "per toilet" and wont be of any assistance. If in contravention of rules follow due process. If rules are lacking, amend same by SGM to enable action to be taken and penalty sysytem to be implemented where required.
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morne erasmus
Posted : Tuesday, 24 Jan 2012 13:35        Question
morne183
Joined : 11 Jan 2012
Posts : 7
Location : johannesburg, Gauteng
Can the trustees by themselves just give a part of common property away to another owner? As far as I am aware is that the owners in the complex must give permision for this at a special meeting. I recently found out that the one trustee in my complex just gave a peace of common property to my neighbor, it was never discussed or non of the other owners gave persmission for this, What can we do about this.  
Andre Augustyn
Replied : Sunday, 29 Jan 2012 08:55        Answer
Andre596
Joined : 12 Dec 2011
Posts : 15
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
No, they can't. Ownership of the common property is shared jointly by the owners of sections. This joint ownership is of an 'undivided' nature in that no owner of a section can identify any specific part of the common property as representing the share allocated to his or her section. In the absence of an agreement to the contrary, each owner has the right to use any part of the common property subject only to the provisions of the Act, the Management and the conduct rules of the scheme. It is practice in certain schemes where common property is "rented" to owners / occupants within the scheme. The correct procedure for usage of any common property by specific owners would be for Exclusive Use Areas to be allocated in terms of Real Rights (section 27) or per Rules (section 27) - see other posts in this regard. In this instance I would suggest objecting to the process followed to the trustees in writing, alternatively calling for a special general meeting of owners in terms of PMR 53 ("Trustees must call a special general meeting if requested in writing to do so by owners entitled to twenty-five percent of the total of the participation quotas of all sections").
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Dave Smith
Posted : Thursday, 26 Jan 2012 10:58        Question
Dave121
Joined : 26 Jan 2012
Posts : 2
Location : Hillcrest, KwaZulu-Natal
Hi All, We have two new owners whom moved into our complex with more than the stated amount of pets, in this case dogs. Both new owners stipulate that they were not made aware of the rules before they moved in. On contacting the previous owners both state that the rules were clearly stated before signing of purchase agreement. Our rules state that any purchasing agreement or lease agreement must contain the complex rules. The estate agents are also stating that the new owners were made aware of the rules. We have given written notice to both parties requesting that dogs are removed to comply with complex rules, we have even offered a comprimise that the number is decreased (all be it above the stated numbers in the rules) there has been no action taken by them, we have sent three written communications stating what is required and spoken to them numerous times. On the last time I was informed that they will not get rid of their pets! So what can be done? the issue here is that it will become problematic to control the rest of the rules if no closure is met, any advice would be more than welcome.  
Andre Augustyn
Replied : Sunday, 29 Jan 2012 09:03        Answer
Andre596
Joined : 12 Dec 2011
Posts : 15
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
The first option is always to apply the rules and hopefully a penalty system is incorporated therein, which normall contributes to an owner adhering to said rules as the financial implication could become extensive/ The only remaining option, if rules process has been followed (and I assume approriate notice has been given), is notify the owner that failing the adherence to rules within a stipulated time frame (should be sufficient to comply - 30 days suggested), the matter would be taken the legal route (via attorney) and a court order will be obtained to remove animal/s to ensure compliance. This has been done successfully in the past. Alternatively, check whether the total animals housed are within municipal regulations as this can simplify recourse process.
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Diana Smuts
Posted : Thursday, 26 Jan 2012 19:41        Question
Diana788
Joined : 28 Oct 2011
Posts : 2
Location : Kempton Park, Gauteng
I reside in a townhouse complex, my neighbour hangs a cage with 2 budgies outside her lounge sliding door. My unit is very close by. the budgies tweet constantly the whole day, the noise is driving me crazy, what legal rights do I have to request the neighbour to remove the cage to the other side of her unit, plus, having budgies in a complex, is it legal, what if the neighbour refuses to remove the budgies, what are my rights? Help Regards tweeting crazy!!  
Andre Augustyn
Replied : Sunday, 29 Jan 2012 09:06        Answer
Andre596
Joined : 12 Dec 2011
Posts : 15
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
Direct your objection to the trustees and / or managing agent who need to apply the their minds in terms of rules of scheme. Noise disturbance could be an objectionable aspect, should the pets have been approved in terms of rules by trustees.
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Malcolm Cobb
Posted : Wednesday, 01 Feb 2012 20:04        Question
Malcolm143
Joined : 25 Oct 2011
Posts : 5
Location : Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal
Is the Body Corporate or Owner responsible for repairs to a damaged complex boundry wall caused by the owner planting a tree too close to the wall. Also who is responsible for payment for removal of the tree and roots.  
Craig Coetzee
Replied : Monday, 20 Feb 2012 15:22        Comment
Craig88
Joined : 25 Jul 2011
Posts : 46
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
Is the tree on Common Property or is it in an exclusive use area? If it is a registered exclusive use area, the the owner is responsible to maintain their exclusive use area. Was the tree visible as the trustees could have addressed it before it damaged the wall? If it is common property, then the body corporate is responsible to address the damaged wall.
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Craig Coetzee
Replied : Monday, 20 Feb 2012 15:24        Comment
Craig88
Joined : 25 Jul 2011
Posts : 46
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
Is the tree on Common Property or is it in an exclusive use area? If it is a registered exclusive use area, the the owner is responsible to maintain their exclusive use area. Was the tree visible as the trustees could have addressed it before it damaged the wall? If it is common property, then the body corporate is responsible to address the damaged wall.
Reply
 
Petronella Horn
Posted : Monday, 06 Feb 2012 17:51        Question
Petronella494
Joined : 06 Feb 2012
Posts : 2
Location : Somerset West, Western Cape
We all know sectional title and the management thereof is full of problems not the least the fact that trustees sometimes give themselves more power than they should. I would like to know whether trustees can instruct owners to only communicate with managing agents so as to have a central point of communication and then, when they do not feel "comfortable" with responses to letters they send out, they inform certain owners that they are no longer allowed to contact the managing agents. In effect this means that the owners involved have no other recourse but a legal one. The trustees also claim that they have a master-servant relationship with the managing agent. Excluding the fact that it is a degrading concept surely the fees of the managing agent is also paid by the excluded owners. The managing agents has all the right credentials and registrations with all the correct institutions. Where are we protected by the law against such misuse of "power"?  
Craig Coetzee
Replied : Monday, 20 Feb 2012 16:13        Answer
Craig88
Joined : 25 Jul 2011
Posts : 46
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
Hi. The managing agent reports to the trustees. The trustees have the authority to dismiss and appoint a managing agent. But, the managing agent is not allowed to contradict the sectional titles act. If an owner would like to see financial information of the body corporate, the managing agent may not refuse providing this information. They might charge for it or allow you to come to their offices, but they cannot deny you this right. If the trustees chose to communicate directly to owners, then the managing agent needs to refer the owners to the trustees. I would suggest that you try and sit down with the trustees and raise your concerns. If this does not work, you need to obtain 25% of the owners consent to call a special general meeting and vote in new trustees.
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Nicole Crisp
Posted : Tuesday, 07 Feb 2012 16:27        Question
Nicole884
Joined : 07 Feb 2012
Posts : 3
Location : Vanwyksdorp, Western Cape
I am an owner and trustee in a block of flats, but live four hours' drive away. is it acceptable for the trustees to communicate and take decisions via e-mail, or does a physical meeting have to take place?  
Craig Coetzee
Replied : Monday, 20 Feb 2012 15:43        Comment
Craig88
Joined : 25 Jul 2011
Posts : 46
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
Hi. E-mail is now a legal way of communication. Trustees can make decisions over e-mail. I normally prefer that decisions not costing too much money (less than R10 000) can be decided over e-mail, but the big decisions such as replacing roofs or painting gets discussed at a trustees meeting. These are big expenses so you can normally plan a meeting in advance for these types of decisions.
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morne erasmus
Posted : Wednesday, 08 Feb 2012 15:14        Question
morne183
Joined : 11 Jan 2012
Posts : 7
Location : johannesburg, Gauteng
If portions of common property was given to owners some years ago and all agreed in a meeting and some of them took up the offer and registered it accordingly as EU's. If one owner did not take up his portion what happens if this owner passed away and his mother bought the place over, can she still make claim on that portion or does she have to apply to the body corporate again to allocate that portion to her as she is a new owner?  
Andre Augustyn
Replied : Friday, 10 Feb 2012 11:34        Answer
Andre596
Joined : 12 Dec 2011
Posts : 15
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
If the EU was registered in terms of Section 27 (real right) same woould have been recorded on sectional plan and will be transferred as per deeds office and annotated as such on title deed (and can be verified per Windeed / deeds office detail). If allocated in terms of section 27a (rules) same would be conferred on the section in terms of rules and will still apply in terms if annexure filed. Please see other posts ree Exclusive Use Area's.
Reply
 
Billy Pieterse
Posted : Saturday, 11 Feb 2012 09:17        Question
Billy980
Joined : 11 Feb 2012
Posts : 2
Location : Durban, KwaZulu-Natal
I am a legal registered unit owner within a Sectional Title Townhouse complex, which comprises 30 units. We are internally managed by a Chair person as well as four other trustees. I, for reasons that I do not wish to disclose at this time as I have no conclusive evidence, suspect that there may be either maladminstration or misappropiation of funds by one or more of the Trustees. I have made two written requests for copies of the last 3 months to date bank statements for my persusal, stating that I requre the statements for personal reasons. The reply I received was that I must either emphasize what I mean by personal, failing this, I am invited to view the statements at the unit (residence) of the Chair Person. In order for me to properly study 3 months statements is going to take a lot longer than the 5 or 10 minutes that I will be allocated within someone else's home, therefore, my questions are the following. 1. Do the trustees have the right to with hold these statments from a registered unit owner. 2. Do they have the right to dictate to me when and where I can view such statements. 3. If the answers to any of the above questions are yes, then what form of action should I take in order to set my mind at rest regarding the Body Corporate Bank account. 4. If the answers to the above questions are no, and the Trustees refuse to adhere to my request, what can I do to ensure compliance, without making unwarranted and unproven accusations. Finally, I wish to add that a few years ago our complex almost went bankrupt due to a previous treasurer's maladministration as well as misappropriation of our funds, and I do not wish for us to land up in the same position again. I also wish to state that my suspicions are at present totally unsubstantiated and I could very well be proven incorrect. However, the only way that I can clarify this is by personally studying the bank statements.  
Craig Coetzee
Replied : Monday, 20 Feb 2012 16:26        Comment
Craig88
Joined : 25 Jul 2011
Posts : 46
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
Hi. First look at the audited financials. If you do not have audited financials for the previous year, i would be nervous. The Sectional Title Act will state the AGM needs to be held 4 months (latest) after the financial year end. You should see on the financial statements, if the auditor makes comments, such as "Qualified" and he would also raise certain concerns in the financial report. 3 months might not be a long enough period to pick up anything. I would take the chairperson up on his offer and sit there for 30 minutes if you have to and he needs to understand that you are looking at the financials. You can also ask him for an updated debtors list to see who is outstanding in their levies. If he does not that amount of time for you, suggest that he photocopies the statements and you will re-imburse him for it. I am also reluctant to give out the bank statements as owners can use that to get loans on behalf of the body corporate. See what you can get from your side.
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Loraine Reich
Posted : Saturday, 18 Feb 2012 13:54        Question
Loraine596
Joined : 18 Feb 2012
Posts : 5
Location : Durban, KwaZulu-Natal
We received a lawyers letter from No. 3 in our complex (letter sent to all owners) calling us to a meeting at their house to discuss repairs to their roof amounting to R38,000. The lawyer was at the meeting and we all took the adivce of the lawyer to pass a special resolution to maintain our own units. We then received a further letter from the Attorneys representing No. 3 stating that acccording to discussions with the owners of No. 3 we were following incorrect procedures. My question is that the owner of No. 3 consulted the Attorney, had him conduct the meeting and send further letter. At no time did the Body Corporate agree to consult the Attorney. Is the Body Corporate or No. 3 liable for the attorney fees?  
Craig Coetzee
Replied : Monday, 20 Feb 2012 16:47        Answer
Craig88
Joined : 25 Jul 2011
Posts : 46
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
My understanding is that to make owners responsible for the maintenance of their roofs, you require a unanimous resolution. 100% of the owners in a round robin needs to agree to it in writing or you call a meeting (give 30 days notice clearly specifying the rule change) where 80% of the owners are present in person or proxy and then 100% of those owners need to vote in favour of it. You then need to amend the management rules. You might need to discuss this with an attorney (Lomas Walker is experts in Sectional Title - Durban). Unit 3 will be liable for the costs of the attorney. The attorney might take action against the body corporate if he was brought in under false pretenses, and then the body corporate will need to collect it from the owner in unit 3.
Reply
 
Loraine Reich
Posted : Monday, 20 Feb 2012 14:31        Question
Loraine596
Joined : 18 Feb 2012
Posts : 5
Location : Durban, KwaZulu-Natal
On a participation quota we have the largest unit are we entitled to more votes than the rest of the complex. There are only 4 in the complex.  
Craig Coetzee
Replied : Monday, 20 Feb 2012 15:29        Answer
Craig88
Joined : 25 Jul 2011
Posts : 46
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
Hi. The sectional title act will state that you can vote by show of hands or by poll. Show of hands means that each vote is equal. If you vote by poll, you will then vote by PQ. If an owner requests at an AGM that you vote by poll, the request has to be followed. I would suggest that you mention this a few days before the meeting so that the managing agent or the trustees can prepare for this as it does get complicated when calculating the votes.
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Loraine Reich
Posted : Monday, 20 Feb 2012 14:33        Question
Loraine596
Joined : 18 Feb 2012
Posts : 5
Location : Durban, KwaZulu-Natal
I dont't understand what I am doing incorrectly as my questions are not being answered  
Craig Coetzee
Replied : Monday, 20 Feb 2012 15:36        Answer
Craig88
Joined : 25 Jul 2011
Posts : 46
Location : Cape Town, Western Cape
We are on it.
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